| 1 |
Polysomnography is the study of:
a. seizure activity.
b. the physiological parameters of sleep.
c. brain electrical activity.
d. differential amplifiers.
e. stages of human sleep. |
| 2 |
The standard paper speed used to record a PSG is:
a. 25 mm/sec.
b. 10 mm/sec.
c. 5 mm/sec.
d. 50 mm/sec.
e. 1 mm/sec. |
| 3 |
During a PSG, the amplitude of the EEG waveform is
measured in:
a. macrovolts.
b. volts.
c. hertz.
d. microvolts.
e. millivolts.
|
| 4 |
Cycles per second is synonymous with:
a. hertz.
b. impedance.
c. voltage.
d. capacitance.
e. amplitude of the signal. |
| 5 |
The bio-calibration protocol is in part used to:
a. establish a baseline scoring reference for the
sleep study.
b. determine which recording electrode has the
lowest impedance.
c. determine which recording electrode has the
highest impedance.
d. verify the snoring signal is working properly.
e. both a and d |
| 6 |
The recording of electrical activity generated by
eye movements is abbreviated:
a. EMG.
b. EEG.
c. ECG.
d. EKG.
e. EOG. |
| 7 |
What is the recommended impedance level for EEG
electrodes in most sleep/EEG laboratories?
a. at least 20,000 ohms
b. at least 5K ohms
c. less than 20,000 ohms
d. less than 5K ohms
e. either b or c |
| 8 |
Which of the following cranial landmarks is located
closest to the patient’s neck?
a. nasion
b. inion
c. C4
d. C3
e. FZ |
| 9 |
Which of the following cranial landmarks is located
closest to the patient’s left ear?
a. C4
b. C3
c. A1
d. A2
e. Left EOG |
| 10 |
The distance from the nasion to the inion is 36 cm.
What is the distance from Fz to Cz?
a. 3.6 cm
b. 1.8 cm
c. 7.2 cm
d. 14.4 cm
e. 3.8 cm |
| 11 |
The frequency of a waveform can be altered by
changing the:
a. filter setting.
b. paper speed.
c. sensitivity.
d. color.
e. gain. |
| 12 |
Delta sleep is equivalent to or contains:
a. stage 2 sleep.
b. stage 3 sleep.
c. stage 4 sleep.
d. slow wave sleep.
e. all the above except a. |
| 13 |
What is the primary purpose of placing backup
electrodes on the patient?
a. to view signals recorded from adjacent
electrode sites
b. because the patient’s cranium could be measured
incorrectly
c. to allow for different intra-electrode distances.
d. to reduce the need to awaken the patient to
reapply loose electrodes during the night
e. sleep specialists generally prefer to view more
than one montage when interpreting a PSG |
| 14 |
In healthy adults, REM sleep generally occurs:
a. during the first third of the night.
b. during the last third of the night.
c. during the middle third of the night.
d. when the patient initially falls asleep.
e. at any time during a PSG. |
| 15 |
During this stage of sleep, the EEG displays lower
voltage, mixed frequencies (often theta activity),
and the eye movements move in a slow rolling pattern.
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. REM |
| 16 |
Sleep spindles and K-complexes commonly appear in the
EEG during which stage of adult sleep?
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. REM |
| 17 |
During this stage of sleep, the EOG channels show
rapid movements, and the patient’s muscle tone
decreases.
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. REM |
| 18 |
Cessation (stoppage) of airflow through the nose and
mouth, with respiratory effort is seen during which
type of apnea?
a. central
b. mixed
c. obstructive
d. all of the above
e. it depends on the recording montage |
| 19 |
What is the most common cause of electrode artifact
during a PSG?
a. grinding of teeth
b. microwave in use
c. patient movements
d. unequal impedances
e. wrong electrode placements |
| 20 |
The frequency of alpha is:
a. less than 10 Hz.
b. more than 10 Hz.
c. between 5 to 10 Hz.
d. between 8 to 13 Hz.
e. between 12 to 18 Hz.
|
| 21 |
The frequency of theta is:
a. less than 4 Hz.
b. more than 4 Hz.
c. between 4-7 Hz.
d. between 8-12 Hz.
e. between 0-4 Hz. |
| 22 |
At sleep onset the chin EMG tends to:
a. increase in frequency.
b. decrease in amplitude.
c. decrease in frequency.
d. increase in amplitude.
e. both a and c |
| 23 |
What is the minimum duration required to score an
apnea?
a. 5 seconds
b. 10 seconds
c. 15 seconds
d. 20 seconds
e. 25 seconds |
| 24 |
What is the difference between a apnea and
a hypopnea?
a. A apnea is full cessation of breathing,
a hypopnea is more than 50% reduction in
airflow.
b. A hypopnea is full cessation of breathing,
a apnea is more than 50% reduction in airflow.
c. A apnea lasts longer than a hypopnea.
d. A hypopnea lasts longer than a apnea.
e. A hypopnea is always obstructive, a apnea
must be of central or mixed origin. |
| 25 |
Which type of apnea is commonly seen when the
pressure of CPAP is increased too rapidly?
a. obstructive
b. mixed
c. central
d. Apneas do not occur because of changes in CPAP
pressure.
e. all of the above except d. |
| 26 |
During which of the following testing protocols is
the patient asked to attempt to take multiple
naps during daytime hours?
a. standard PSG
b. CPAP titration study
c. split-night PSG
d. daytime PSG
e. MSLT |
| 27 |
During which portion of the night is delta sleep
generally the most prevalent in healthy adults?
a. during the entire night
b. during the first third of the night
c. during the second third of the night
d. during the last third of the night
e. during REM sleep |
| 28 |
What is the standard length of a recording “epoch”
during a PSG?
a. 10 seconds
b. 15 seconds
c. 25 seconds
d. 30 seconds
e. 1 minute |
| 29 |
Which stage of sleep normally constitutes the largest
percentage of total sleep time in healthy adults?
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. REM |
| 30 |
For patients diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea,
during which stage of sleep are their obstructive
respirations often more severe?
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. REM |
| 31 |
Patients with OSA tend to have more severe
obstructive respirations while they sleep in
the ____ position.
a. lateral
b. right
c. supine
d. left
e. prone |
| 32 |
Generally patients who are diagnosed with ____ OSA
tend to require ____ pressures of CPAP therapy to
treat their obstructive respirations during sleep.
a. severe . . . higher
b. severe . . . lower
c. mild . . . higher
d. mild . . . lower
e. both a and d |
| 33 |
What is the primary difference between CPAP and
BiPAP therapy?
a. CPAP can be delivered at higher pressures than
BiPAP.
b. CPAP is used to treat central apneas, while BiPAP
is used to treat obstructive apneas.
c. CPAP delivers one pressure, while BiPAP can
deliver two pressures.
d. CPAP is more often used to treat adults, while
BiPAP is more often used to treat children.
e. CPAP is more expensive to use than BiPAP. |
| 34 |
What does the abbreviation RDI stand for?
a. REM Deprivation in Insomniacs
b. Restrictive Delta Irregularity
c. Restorative Diet Index
d. Restless Diagnostic Index
e. Respiratory Disturbance Index |
| 35 |
During a PSG, patients diagnosed with PLMS often
have:
a. frequent limb movements during the night.
b. frequent snoring, but minimal apneas/hypopneas.
c. reduced SAO2 levels during REM sleep.
d. frequent apneas, but minimal snoring.
e. frequent nightmares. |
| 36 |
During a PSG, patients diagnosed with Bruxism often
have:
a. frequent increases in EOG amplitude.
b. periodic increases in chin EMG activity.
c. elevated artifact in the signals recording
respiration.
d. elevated theta and delta during stage 1 or 2
sleep.
e. reduced SAO2 levels during REM sleep. |
| 37 |
Which of the following is not considered a common
treatment for patients with obstructive respirations
during sleep.
a. positive pressure therapy
b. a dental appliance
c. a hypnotic medication
d. weight loss
e. oral/nasal surgery |
| 38 |
What does APT stand for?
a. Advanced Pulmonary Testing
b. Alpha Positive Test
c. Alternative Polysomnographic Tests
d. Association of Polysomnographic Technologists
e. Association for Psychiatric Technicians
|
| 39 |
A “thermistor” measures:
a. patient movements.
b. temperature.
c. seizure activity.
d. patient vocalizations.
e. both a and c |
| 40 |
An “oxymeter” measures:
a. the patient’s heart rate and rhythm.
b. the patient’s respirations during the night.
c. the patient’s brain waves during the night.
d. the patient’s oxygen levels in the blood.
e. the patient’s blood alcohol level. |
| 41 |
Which of the following “artifacts” can be found
during a PSG?
a. muscle artifact
b. ECG artifact
c. 60 Hz artifact
d. movement artifact
e. all of the above |
| 42 |
The rate at which a waveform repeats itself or
oscillates is called its:
a. amplitude.
b. frequency.
c. voltage.
d. sensitivity.
e. gain. |
| 43 |
A Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) normally
begins:
a. after a clinically significant degree of
obstructive respirations are detected during the
PSG.
b. after a clinically significant degree of periodic
limb movements (PLMS) are detected during the
PSG.
c. during the night, usually about two hours before
lights out.
d. in the morning, some time after the PSG is
concluded.
e. after the patient has had lunch. |
| 44 |
Which of the following is the best solution to
disinfect electrodes?
a. bleach
b. alcohol
c. ajax
d. hydrogen peroxide
e. a wet cloth |
| 45 |
What is the maximal pressure possible for most BiPAP
devices?
a. 10 cm H20
b. 20 cm H20
c. 30 cm H20
d. 35 cm H20
e. There is no limit. |
| 46 |
What is the definition of “hypersomnolence”?
a. a clinically significant degree of obstructive
respirations during sleep
b. Narcolepsy
c. a clinically significant degree of movements
during REM sleep
d. excessive sleepiness
e. inability to fall asleep or maintain sleep during
the night |
| 47 |
The patient’s “Epworth Score” is a measure of:
a. their ability to initiate sleep.
b. their ability to maintain sleep.
c. their sleepiness symptoms during the day.
d. the frequency and length of apneas/hypopneas
detected during the night.
e. their personality profile. |
| 48 |
During this stage of sleep, the EEG generally shows
high voltage, low frequency (0.5 to 2 Hz) activity
in healthy adults.
a. stage 1
b. stage 2
c. stage 3
d. stage 4
e. both c and d |
| 49 |
Among all the electrode cables used during the
recording of a PSG, which one is the longest?
a. chin EMG
b. leg EMG
c. frontal EEG
d. ECG
e. oxymetry |
| 50 |
Changing the sensitivity of an amplifier from
5 microvolts per mm to 10 microvolts per mm will:
a. double the pin deflection.
b. increase the pin deflection by 5 times.
c. reduce the pin deflection by half.
d. reduce the pin deflection by 5 times.
e. increase the voltage of the displayed signal by
100%. |
|